Periodontal Disease

About Periodontal Disease

Periodontal diseases are infections of the gums, which gradually destroy the bone support of your natural teeth. Dental plaque (bacteria) is the primary cause of gum disease. Although most people carry these bacteria, only in genetically susceptible individuals does this result in disease.

The bacteria found in plaque produce toxins or poisons, which irritate and inflame the gum tissue. They may cause them to turn red, swell and bleed easily. If this irritation is prolonged, the gums separate from the teeth, causing pockets (spaces) to form. Plaque can also harden into a rough, porous substance known as calculus (or tartar). This can occur both above and below the gum line.

As periodontal diseases progress, the supporting gum tissue and bone that holds teeth in place deteriorate. If left untreated, this leads to tooth loss. However, don’t be fooled. With periodontal disease, bleeding, redness and swelling do not have to be readily apparent. Further, pain is usually not associated with periodontal disease in the early and moderate phases.

In the very late stages pain and discomfort are experienced by patients, however by this time there is little option but to remove a significant number of teeth. This disease damages the teeth, gum and jawbone of more than 80% of Americans by age 45.